Of the racial quotas
marcos loures - 14.07.2006 01:41
on the politics of quotas in the public universities in Brazil
We have been seeing, in the last days, a great discussion on the systems of quotas in the Universities.
The aspect that she discuss is regarding the use of the racial factor while preponderant factor for that creation of quotas.
I disagree, deeply, of such a parameter to analyze the beneficial system.
We lived at a country where, historically, the blacks were smuggled of the participation which you/they would be entitled in the colonization and in the distribution of lands and of benefits, from the abolition of the slavery.
Obviously that discrimination, arrival to the end of colonizing the new lands with immigrants that were victims of periods of economical crises in their countries of origin to the detriment of the gigantic black and mestizo population that there was in Brazil, in that time, is one of the largest sore spots and debts of Brazil with the black population.
Worse, very worse it is the natives' descendants' situation, smuggled and died in their own nations.
There, everything well, I agree fully that it is important and urgent if to do such rescue, but there is an aspect that we cannot deny: the experience done in the United States doesn't fit in Brazil, where we have a very several reality.
Breaking of the presupposition that there there were an official politics of discrimination and segregation, the black population faced not only of the injustices indirectly related as, also, of an official and hateful segregation.
If we remind ourselves of Malcom X and Luther King, we will see that there are great differences between the historical moment and the motivations between those and Ganga Buzzes, for instance.
The public school was abandoned and destroyed by the decades of mistakes and elitist politics regarding the education, that is undeniable.
I am of one time where a public school there was been not only of good level, as well as extremely wanted by the middle class and, in the small cities, for the own elite dominant, white, he/she interbreeds or black.
The beginning of a revolution regarding the quality of the public teaching, is an encouraging true, with the improvement, so much of the physical conditions, as techniques, starting from the implantation of the Laws of nostalgic Darcy Ribeiro Basic Guidelines.
Obviously, that will demand time so that it supplies the wanted effect.
And, in that middle time, and so only in that middle time, I defend without tiring the politics of quotas for the STUDENTS OF THE PUBLIC TEACHING, associates to a socioeconomic analysis since, in the small cities, in many of them, we only have the public teaching, so much for the elites as for the proletariat.
Especially because, we have the possibility of some study the public school in a period and, in the other, they take their courses private pré-college entrance exams.
I don't see the defense of that theory, as an idea racist or not. I don't get to become pregnant that the race, still more in a country where we have so many shades and races as possible, it can be fair criterion of selection for completion of quotas.
Another thing that leaves me concerned it is regarding the criteria used to distinguish what is black or descending afro and what is not; for the North American criteria, the dawn and blonde singer Mariah Carey is had as black, although that is genetically, of an absurd heresy.
The white, grandson of blacks or of whites it is, for the genetics, recessive in all the four genes that give to the shade of the skin.
We took the risk of we create the white-black ones, and the white-white ones, such absurd as indecent thing.
I studied my university in UFRJ, one of the little ones in that he could study, teachers' of medium and fundamental teaching son, since it didn't have money and the educational credit was a rhetoric illustration in the distant 1980.
My wife, Rita of Cassia, farmers' daughter, white in the complexion, she worked during the day in a School for, after traveling more than fifty kilometers, to study pedagogy in a private university.
That is not the ideal, far away from that, but I feel that, if we maintain the politics of racial quota, examples as the one of Rita will have to be repeated in the day by day, without the hope of the justice that, only she, will equal the human beings.
We studied, me and Rita, in public schools, with ten years of space between my time and the one of her, in several realities, me in Muriaé, city of the interior of Minas, with their a hundred thousand inhabitants, and her in a district of Ibitirama, Santa Martha, in a small village.
Another thing that needs to be evaluated is Senator Paulo Paim's unhappy idea, the one of the prohibition of registering in the Federal Universities who he has economical conditions of paying an university.
Discrimination on a side and of the another they don't take to place none.
As, she saw of rule, the public Universities are had as the excellence of the higher education in the country, that attitude would restraint some of the best students, so much poor as rich, of they study in these centers.
An idea that could be analyzed would be the one of we implant incentive centers to exceptionally gifted children, with the government incentive so that those, independent of the social origin, have the development of their stimulated brilliant ideas.
Such experience already exists in some countries and, even in Brazil, like APAEs.
Any attitude in relation to the politics of quotas should be analyzed under the socioeconomic parameter and for certain time, the necessary time to elevate the quality of the public teaching.
I agree with Cristovam Buarque when he affirms that that should be a commitment among all the Brazilian politicians, because the education, as well as the health and the public safety is the primordial goods of any people, as well as the foundation to form a new fairer society.
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